Calculators·Color & light

Color temperature & white balance.

Calculate conversion filters and digital corrections for precise white balance – with Mired values that are linear and therefore practically usable.

Ideal for analog film photography, mixed-light situations, and anyone who wants to deliberately correct color casts.

  • Mired values
  • Filter recommendations
  • Analog & digital
  • Light-source presets

Color Temperature & White Balance Calculator

Calculate conversion filters and digital corrections for precise white balance

Input parameters

Current: 5500K

Current: 5500K

Calculation basis:

  • Mired = 1,000,000 ÷ Kelvin
  • Mired shift = target mired - light mired
  • Positive values = warming filter (orange)
  • Negative values = cooling filter (blue)
  • Digital correction in white balance steps

Results

What are mired values?

  • Mired = Micro Reciprocal Degrees
  • Linear measure of color temperature differences
  • 1 mired = 1,000,000 ÷ Kelvin
  • Equal mired difference = equal visual difference
  • Standard in professional photography
Fundamentals

Understanding color temperature and white balance.

Color temperature describes the color of a light source in Kelvin – and Mired makes the differences between light sources linearly calculable.

Color temperature

Kelvin and light color.

Color temperature is based on the color a black body would radiate at the corresponding temperature:

  • 1900 – 2700 K: very warm (candle, tungsten)
  • 3200 K: warm (halogen, tungsten)
  • 4000 K: neutral-warm (fluorescent)
  • 5500 K: neutral (daylight, flash)
  • 6500 K+: cool (overcast sky, shade)
Mired & filters

Linear correction.

Mired (Micro Reciprocal Degrees) = 1,000,000 ÷ Kelvin. Equal Mired differences correspond to equal visual color differences.

  • 81 / 85 series (orange): warming filters
  • 82 / 80 series (blue): cooling filters
  • Higher numbers: stronger correction
Mired formula

From Kelvin to the right filter.

Two simple steps: convert Kelvin to Mired, then take the difference between light source and target.

Mired = 1,000,000 ÷ Kelvin
Converts Kelvin into linearly usable Mired values.
Shift = target Mired − source Mired
Positive values = orange filter, negative values = blue filter.
Example

Halogen (3200 K) → daylight film (5500 K)

Halogen Mired = 1,000,000 ÷ 3200 = 312.5 Mired

Daylight Mired = 1,000,000 ÷ 5500 = 181.8 Mired

Required shift = 181.8 − 312.5 = −130.7 Mired → 85B filter

Reference

Color-temperature scale and light sources.

A compact overview of typical light sources with Kelvin, Mired and character.

KelvinMiredLight sourceCharacter
1900 K526CandlelightVery warm, romantic
2700 K370Tungsten bulbWarm, cozy
3200 K312Halogen, tungstenFilm standard warm
4000 K250FluorescentNeutral-warm
5500 K182Daylight, flashFilm standard neutral
6500 K154Overcast skyCool, diffuse
7500 K133ShadeCold, bluish
10000 K100Clear skyVery cold, strongly bluish
Filter series

Conversion filters in detail.

Orange and blue series with their typical Mired values – the foundation of analog color correction.

Warming filters (orange)

Correcting cool light.

  • 81 series: +9 to +18 Mired (weak)
  • 81A: +18 Mired
  • 81B: +27 Mired
  • 85B: +131 Mired (tungsten → daylight)

Use case: correcting light that's too cool (bluish cast).

Cooling filters (blue)

Correcting warm light.

  • 82 series: −10 to −21 Mired (weak)
  • 82A: −21 Mired
  • 82B: −32 Mired
  • 80A: −131 Mired (daylight → tungsten)

Use case: correcting light that's too warm (yellowish cast).

Pro tips

Five pointers for precise white balance.

Analog or digital – these rules apply in both worlds and save you from color casts that are hard to rescue later.

Filters before digital correction
Filters applied before the shot use the full light spectrum optimally. Digital corrections can lead to color loss at extreme shifts.
Use a gray card as reference
An 18 % gray card or color checker in the first frame helps with precise digital post-processing and white-balance calibration.
Mixed-light situations
In mixed light, pick the dominant light source for the white balance and correct other areas selectively.
Shoot RAW
Shoot in RAW for maximum flexibility in white-balance correction. JPEG files have limited correction headroom.
Creative color temperature
Deliberate „incorrect" color temperatures create atmospheric moods – warm sunsets or cool morning light.
Analog vs. digital

Two worlds, one goal.

Film forces you to use physical filters – digital cameras allow flexible correction. Both routes have their strengths.

Analog photography (film)

Filters are mandatory.

With film photography, color-temperature correction is only possible through physical filters. Films are optimized for specific color temperatures:

  • Daylight film: optimized for 5500 K
  • Tungsten type A: optimized for 3400 K
  • Tungsten type B: optimized for 3200 K

Advantages: natural color reproduction, no post-processing required.

Digital photography

Flexible correction.

  • Auto white balance: automatic adjustment
  • Preset modes: daylight, tungsten, fluorescent etc.
  • Manual Kelvin: precise setting possible
  • RAW post-processing: lossless correction

Advantages: flexible, can be corrected after the fact.

FAQ

Answers to common questions.

From tool to skill

Solid photography knowledge.

Calculators give you the number. On the blog and in 1:1 coaching I turn theory into results you can see in your images.

Fotograf, Martin Fernando Mera Kleinheinz · Franz-Bork-Straße 21, 30163 Hannover · 0179 4085397