Calculators·Exposure & Light Values

Exposure Value Calculator (LV / EV).

Calculate light values (LV) and exposure values (EV) from aperture, shutter speed and ISO – precise exposure metering with the APEX system.

Ideal for planning images without a light meter, judging mixed light or comparing exposures between cameras.

  • APEX system
  • With scale
  • Equivalents
  • Mobile friendly

Exposure Value Calculator (LV/EV)

Calculate light values and exposure values from aperture, shutter speed and ISO

Exposure parameters

Current: 1/125 | Examples: 1/125s = 125, 2s = 0.5

Calculation basis:

  • LV: (2×ln(aperture) − ln(shutter reciprocal)) ÷ ln(2)
  • EV: LV + log₂(ISO ÷ 100)
  • Standardised exposure metering
  • APEX system (Additive System of Photographic Exposure)

Results

Important notes:

  • LV (Light Value) = light value at ISO 100
  • EV (Exposure Value) = exposure value with the current ISO
  • Higher values = more light required
  • Each stop = factor of 2 in the amount of light
  • Standard for exposure metering and automation
Basics

Understand light values and put them to use.

Light values (LV) and exposure values (EV) are standardised measures of scene brightness and the matching camera settings. They are based on the APEX system of photography.

LV vs. EV

What the letters mean.

LV (Light Value): light value at ISO 100

EV (Exposure Value): exposure value with the current ISO

  • At ISO 100: LV = EV
  • At ISO 200: EV = LV + 1
  • At ISO 400: EV = LV + 2
  • At ISO 50: EV = LV − 1
Practical use

What the calculator helps with.

  • Precise exposure metering without a light meter
  • Comparison of different exposure settings
  • Understanding camera auto modes
  • Assessing light situations
  • Documenting shooting conditions

Typical LV values: 15 bright sunny day · 12 overcast day · 8 dusk · 4 indoor lighting · 0 moonlight.

The science behind it

The mathematical foundation.

Two formulas carry everything – one for the pure light value, one for the ISO adjustment that yields the exposure value.

LV = (2 × ln(f) − ln(t)) ÷ ln(2)
f = aperture number, t = shutter speed as reciprocal (1/125s = 125)
EV = LV + log₂(ISO ÷ 100)
Takes the ISO value relative to ISO 100 into account
Example

f/5.6 · 1/125s · ISO 200

LV = (2 × ln(5.6) − ln(125)) ÷ ln(2) = 9.6

EV = 9.6 + log₂(200 ÷ 100) = 9.6 + 1 = 10.6

Light value scale

EV values and light situations.

A compact reference for placing any scene roughly on the scale – including example settings at ISO 100.

EV valueLight situationExample setting (ISO 100)
−4 to −2Starry sky, very dark nightf/1.4 · 30 s
−1 to 1Moonlight, faint street lightingf/2.8 · 8 s
2 to 4Living room, office lightingf/2.8 · 1/30 s
5 to 7Overcast day in the shadef/5.6 · 1/60 s
8 to 11Overcast to lightly overcast dayf/8 · 1/125 s
12 to 15Sunny day, bright dayf/11 · 1/250 s
16+Snow, sand, water reflectionsf/16 · 1/500 s
Pro tips

Five hints for better exposure metering.

Understand the Sunny 16 rule
In bright sunshine, f/16 at 1/ISO seconds gives the correct exposure. That corresponds to roughly EV 15 at ISO 100.
Use equivalent exposures
All combinations with the same EV produce the same exposure. Pick based on the depth of field and motion blur you want.
Understand exposure compensation
+1 EV = twice as much light, −1 EV = half as much light. Modern cameras display EV values in the viewfinder or on the screen.
Grey card for precision
An 18 % grey card reflects the amount of light that light meters are calibrated for. Ideal for precise measurements.
Watch the histogram
The histogram shows the actual exposure. Use it together with the calculated values for optimal results.
APEX system

The standardised exposure system.

APEX (Additive System of Photographic Exposure) describes exposure parameters using logarithmic values – which makes the whole system addable.

Variables

The five abbreviations.

  • Av: Aperture Value
  • Tv: Time Value
  • Sv: Speed Value (ISO)
  • Bv: Brightness Value
  • Ev: Exposure Value
Benefits

Why addition instead of multiplication.

  • Simple addition/subtraction instead of multiplication
  • Universal comparability of exposures
  • Foundation for modern auto-exposure
  • Precise exposure compensation in stops
FAQ

Answers to common questions.

From tool to skill

Solid photography knowledge.

Calculators give you the number. On the blog and in 1:1 coaching I turn theory into results you can see in your images.

Fotograf, Martin Fernando Mera Kleinheinz · Franz-Bork-Straße 21, 30163 Hannover · 0179 4085397